Monday, 23 April 2012

Book review: Tess of the D'Urbervilles



Tess Durbeyfield is a young and naïve country girl, who is also the eldest daughter in a large, poverty-stricken family, living in the small village of Marlott. Her father, John Durbeyfield, who is prone to drinking and putting off work, discovers, by chance, that he is a descendant of the ancient but extinct royal lineage of the D'Urbervilles. Her mother, Joan, discovers that a wealthy family of the same name lives in a nearby town and, after an unfortunate accident in which the Durbeyfields’ only horse is killed, she sends Tess to Tantridge mansion to go "claim kin".

Because Tess was the cause the death of her family's horse, she feels obligated to earn money to buy a new one...unaware that the current family of D'Urbervilles are imposters; she sets off on her journey. When her family fall on hard times she is sent to the D'Urbervilles, rich landowners who are mistakenly assumed to be relations. Tess meets Alec D'Urberville (who allows Tess to claim kinship, but is a relative in name only). He takes a liking to the young and impressionable Tess and relentlessly pursues her. Eventually, he leads her into the Chase & commits the most heinous crime – rape. Tess returns home distressed and bares a child, which dies after a week. Torn by shame and regret, Tess decides to go to work away from home, on a dairy farm, where she meets Angel Clare, a beautiful man who loves her deeply. However, when he proposes to her, she is torn between lying to him by omission versus telling him of her past with Alec -- a choice that would likely alienate him in terms of the strict morals of Victorian Britain. Finally, she succumbs to Angel's pleas for marriage. On their wedding night, Tess reveals her secret and everything that had happened to her before meeting him.

In a rage, he heartlessly leaves her to earn a living, alone, in Brazil with a promise of maybe returning someday. Tess's life gets even worse after this. She is forced to find work labouring on farms, her only hope that one day her beloved Angel will return. 

A chance meeting with the reformed Alec dashes these hopes as his old obsession returns and he beguiles Tess with promises to help her and her family in place of her long absent husband.

Her family suffer further losses and, abandoned as she is, Tess is obliged to turn once again to Alec D'Urberville for help. When Angel returns to find her living as Alec's mistress, she takes desperate actions in a tragic effort to free herself.

***

This was a very controversial book at the time of writing as it is sympathetic to a “fallen woman”. Tess is one of the most tragic heroines in English literature and Hardy shows her as a victim of circumstance caught up in a moral dilemma. Hardy takes us into nineteenth century rural Wessex and describes his characters, the countryside and the way of life so well, that we think we are there." 

-Sam

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